Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogona here kuvandudza kugara kwenguva refu kwemidziyo ye orthodontic?

Ehe, zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinovandudza zvakanyanyaZviridzwa zveMazino zveOrthodonticKugara kwenguva refu. Dzinopa simba rakasiyana-siyana, kuramba ngura, uye nguva yekuneta. Kusarudzamhando yepamusoro yesimbi isina ngura yemidziyo yemaoko inogadzirwa nemaoko, semuenzaniso, zvinokanganisa zvakananga hupenyu hwavo.Zvishandiso zveSimbi Isina Kushandainopa hwaro hwekutanga, asi zvinhu zvakanongedzerwa zvinobatsira pakushanda.Zvishandiso zveTungsten Carbide Orthodonticzvinopa kuoma kwakanyanya pakucheka mabasa. Kunzwisisa kusiyana kwezvinhu izvi kunobatsira varapi kudzidzanzira yekusarudza pliers dzemazino dzemhando yepamusoro?nezvimwe zvishandiso zvakakosha. Chinyorwa ichi chinoongorora kuti kusarudza zvinhu zvinoshandisa zvinhu izvi kunokanganisa sei hupenyu hwezvishandiso izvi zvakakosha uye mashandiro azvo.

Zvinhu Zvinokosha Zvaunofanira Kuziva

• Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoita kuti zvishandiso zve orthodontic zvigare kwenguva refu. Zvinhu zvakasimba zvinodzivirira kukuvara kubva pakushandiswa nekucheneswa.
• Simbi isina ngura yakajairika, asi kuwedzera tungsten carbide kunoita kuti maturusi ave akaomarara. Izvi zvinoabatsira kucheka zvakanaka uye kuramba akapinza.
• Titanium yakanaka pakushandisa zvishandiso zvinoda kuchinjika uye kudzivirira ngura. Yakachengetekawo kune vanhu vane allergies.
• Magadzirirwo ezvishandiso anokanganisa kuti zvinogara kwenguva yakareba sei. Maitiro akadai sekuumba nekupisa zvinoita kuti zvishandiso zvisimbe.
• Zvishandiso zvinodzivirira ngura uye kusakara zvinogara zvichishanda kwenguva yakareba. Kurapa kwakanaka pamusoro kunobatsira kudzivirira kukuvara.

Kunzwisisa Kugara Kwenguva refu muZvishandiso zveDental Orthodontic

Kutsanangura Kugara Kwechishandiso

Kugara kwenguva refu kwemudziyo kunotsanangura kugona kwechishandiso kutsungirira kushandiswa kakawanda, kuvhiyiwa, uye matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza pasina kuora zvakanyanya. Zvinoreva kuti chishandiso chinochengetedza chimiro chacho chepakutanga, kushanda, uye kupinza kwenguva yakareba. Chishandiso chakasimba chinodzivirira kupera, ngura, uye kuneta. Chinoshanda zvakanaka muhupenyu hwacho hwese hunotarisirwa. Hunhu uhwu hunovimbisa kushanda nguva dzose munzvimbo dzekurapa.

Zvinhu Zvinokanganisa Nguva Yekushandisa Chishandiso

Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinokanganisa kuti mudziyo wekurapa unoramba uchishanda kwenguva yakareba sei.kuumbwa kwezvinhundicho chinhu chikuru. Ma alloys epamusoro anopa simba riri nani pakushushikana uye ngura. Maitiro ekugadzira anoitawo basa rakakosha. Kugadzira nemazvo uye kurapwa kwakakodzera kwekupisa kunovandudza kusimba kwechigadzirwa. Pamusoro pezvo, maitiro ekubata nekugadzirisa anowedzera hupenyu hwechishandiso. Kusachenesa zvakanaka, kuvhiyiwa, kana kuchengetwa kunogona kukurumidzisa kupera nekukuvadzwa. Kushandiswa kakawanda kunokanganisawo hupenyu hwechishandiso; midziyo inoshandiswa inowanzo wanzo pera zvakanyanya.

Nei Kugara Kwakakosha Pakubudirira Kwekiriniki

Kugara kwenguva refu kwakakosha kuti kurapa kushande zvakanaka. Zvishandiso zvinogara kwenguva refu zvinoderedza kudiwa kwekutsiva nguva nenguva, izvo zvinoderedza mari yekushanda. Zvinoita kuti pave nekushanda kwakaringana uye kwakarurama panguva yekurapwa, zvichikanganisa zvakananga mhedzisiro yekurapwa. Kana zvishandiso zvikaramba zvakanaka, vanachiremba vanogona kuvimba nezvishandiso zvavo. Izvi zvinoita kuti basa rifambe zvakanaka uye nguva shoma yechigaro igare kwenguva refu. Uyezve, kushanda kwakasimbaZviridzwa zveMazino zveOrthodonticzvinobatsira pakuchengetedza murwere nekuderedza njodzi yekutyoka kana kusashanda zvakanaka panguva yekurapwa. Kuisa mari muzvishandiso zvinogara kwenguva refu kunotsigira nzvimbo yekurapa inoshanda uye yakavimbika.

Zvinhu Zvakajairika Zvekushandisa Pakushongedza Mazino Uye Kugara Kwazvo

Zvivakwa zveSimbi Isina Chinovhara uye Kugara Kwayo

Simbi isina ngura ichiri chinhu chikuru chekushandisa Dental Orthodontic Instruments. Kushandiswa kwayo kwakawanda kunobva pakusimba kwayo, kushanda kwayo zvakanaka, uye kuramba ngura. Vagadziri vanowanzo shandisa mhando dzakasiyana dzesimbi isina ngura, kunyanya300 dzakatevedzana, yezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zve orthodontic. Semuenzaniso, makambani akaita seG & H Wire Company anoshandisa waya yeAJ Wilcock Australian (AJW) yakagadzirwa nesimbi isingatsvedzeri ine 300 series. TruForce SS (TRF) yeOrtho Technology nePenta-One waya yeMasel Ortho Organizers Inc. dzese dzinoshandisa simbi isingatsvedzeri yeAISI 304. Highland Metals Inc. inogadzirawo waya dzeSS arch (SAW) kubva kuAISI 304, pamwe chete neDentaurum neRemanium (REM) yayo.

Masimbi asina ngura ane chiyero chePoisson che0.29, chiyero chekuti chinhu chinokura zvakadii chakatarisana nekwakamanikidzwa. Waya idzi dzinoratidzawo kuomarara kwakanyanya kana tichienzanisa nezvimwe zvinhu zvakaita setitanium molybdenum alloys (TMA) uye nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti). Kuomarara uku kunoita kuti dzigare kwenguva refu uye dzikwanise kutsungirira kushushikana kwemuchina.

Simbi isingasvibi yemhando yekurapa yakagadzirwa nemazvoyemidziyo yekurapa. Inosangana nezvinodiwa zvakasimba zvekudzivirira ngura zvakanyanya. Kudzivirira uku kwakakosha nekuti zvishandiso zvinosangana nemakemikari akasiyana-siyana nemishonga inouraya utachiona. Pakushandisa mazino, simbi isingatsvedzeri inofanira kuratidza kudzivirira ngura, kubatana kwakasimba, uye simba rakawanda. Inofanirawo kuchengetedza chitarisiko chayo mushure mekushandiswa kwenguva refu mumuromo. Magiredhi akadai se304 ne304L anopa kudzivirira ngura kwakanaka uye hunhu hwemakanika. Giredhi re304L rine kabhoni shoma, izvo zvinoderedza mvura inonaya panguva yekusveta.

Zvisinei, mamiriro ekutaura ane matambudziko akasiyana.Zvirwere zvidiki zvinobuda mumuromo zvinogona kukurumidzisa ngura zvakanyanyaSemuenzaniso, yesimbi isina tsvina ye316L. Subgingival microbiota inoumba ma biofilms emarudzi akawanda pamusoro pesimbi isina tsvina. Ma biofilms aya anotungamira mukuora nekukurumidza kuburikidza ne acidic metabolites uye extracellular electron transfer. Kuora uku kunokonzerwa ne microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) kunoburitsa ma ions esimbi akadai se chromium ne nickel. Kusunungurwa kwakadaro kunogona kukonzera njodzi dzehutano uye kunokanganisa hutano hwemunharaunda uye hwemuviri. Nokudaro, pasinei nekusagona kwayo, basa remuviri remuromo rinonetsa kushanda kwenguva refu kwesimbi isina tsvina yemhando yekurapa.

Tungsten Carbide Inserts Yekuvandudza Kugara Kwenguva Refu

Vagadziri vanowanzo wedzera kugara kwenguva refu kwemidziyo yesimbi isingatsvi nekuwedzera tungsten carbide inserts. Tungsten carbide chinhu chakaoma zvikuru. Chinovandudza zvakanyanya mashandiro ekucheka nekubata pamusoro pepliers ne cutters.kuiswa kwetipi dzetungsten carbide muzvicheki zvewaya zvekuvhiyaZvinovandudza kugara kwavo kwenguva refu uye kunyatsocheka. Izvi zvinoisa zvinhu zvinowedzera kuomarara uye kuramba kupfeka. Zvinowedzera hupenyu hwechishandiso ichi zvakanyanya. Zvinochengetedzawo kuvimbika kwemuchina uyu nekufamba kwenguva.

Tungsten carbide inserts pamucheto wekuchekaZvishandiso zvemazino zve orthodontic zvinowedzera kugara kwenguva refu. Zvinovandudza kugona kwezvishandiso zvekucheka waya dzakapfava nedzakaoma zviri nyore. Chishandiso ichi hachiparadzike zvakanyanya. Chinotsungirira kushushikana kwekucheka zvinhu zvakasimba. Izvi zvinobatsira zvakananga mukuvandudza kuchengetedza miganhu yemagetsi.

Titanium neTitanium Alloys kuti Ugare kwenguva refu

Titanium nemidziyo yayo inopa hunhu hwakanaka kune Dental Orthodontic Instruments, kunyanya uko kuchinjika, kubatana kwezvinhu zvipenyu, uye kuramba ngura zvakanyanya ndiko kwakakosha.

• Modulus Yakaderera yeElasticity: Modulus yeTitanium yekusimba iri pedyo neyamapfupa. Izvi zvinobatsira kugoverwa kwakakodzera kwekumanikidzwa kwemuchina. Kunyange zvazvo titanium alloys inowanzova nemodulus yakakwira kupfuura titanium yakachena, ma beta alloys chaiwo akagadzirwa kuti ashandiswe mumodulus yakaderera. Izvi zvinoita kuti akwanise kushandiswa pakurapa kunoda kuchinjika uye simba rinogara riripo.
• Kuramba Kuora Mumuromo: Titanium nesimbi dzayo dzinoratidza kusimba kwakanyanya pakuora mumhinduro dzemuviri. Izvi zvinoshanda kunyangwe paine kusiyana kukuru kwepH netembiricha, uye kusangana nemakemikari akasiyana-siyana mumuromo. Firimu rekudzivirira titanium oxide (TiO₂) rinoumbwa nekukurumidza pamusoro pesimbi. Firimu iri rinongoerekana raita kufema kana rikakanganiswa.

Heino kuenzanisa kwe titanium alloys nesimbi isina ngura:

Titanium alloys inoshandiswa mune mamwe maitiro ekurapa:

• Waya dzeOrthodontic: Beta titanium alloys (semuenzaniso, TMA) ndiyo inonyanya kufarirwa. Dzinopa modulus yakaderera, dzichipa simba rakapfava uye rinoramba riripo. Dzinewo muganho wepamusoro we elastic, zvichibvumira shanduko yakakura. Kuumbwa kwadzo kwakanaka uye kubatana kwadzo nemuviri zvinoita kuti dzive dzakanakira. Vanachiremba vanowanzodzishandisa kugadzirisa zvinyoro nyoro mumatanho ekupedzisira e orthodontics.
• Mabhuraketi eOrthodontic: Mabhureki esimbi eTitanium anonyanya kushandiswa kune varwere vane allergies ye nickel. Anoita kuti zvinhu zvienderane zvakanaka uye akasimba zvakakwana.

Zvinhu zveCeramic muZvishandiso zveMazino zveOrthodontic

Zvinhu zveceramic zvinopa mabhenefiti akasiyana kune zvimwe Zvishandiso zveDental Orthodontic, kunyanya kana runako uye hunhu hwemakanika hwakakosha. Vagadziri vanoshandisazviumbwa zvesimbi zvekugadzira mabhurekiuye zvinobatanidzwa mukurapa kwe orthodontic.Alumina ne zirconia isarudzo dzakajairika dze ceramic. Dzinopa sarudzo dzakasimba uye dzinofadza runako zvichienzaniswa nemabhureki esimbi. Zvinhu izvi zvinobatana zvakanaka neruvara rwemazino rwechisikigo, zvichiita kuti dzive dzakakurumbira kune varwere vanosarudza michina isinganyanyi kuoneka.

Zvisinei, kusimba kwekutyoka kwemabhureki eceramic chinhu chakakosha kufunga nezvacho. Kusimba kwekutyoka kunotsanangura kugona kwechigadzirwa kuramba kutyoka. Mabhureki emonocrystalline, akadai seInspire ICE™, anoratidza kuramba kwakanyanya kutyoka kwemabhureki etie-wing. Izvi zvinobvumira kushandiswa nesimba guru pasina kukundikana. Kusiyana neizvi, mabhureki etie-wing akajeka etie-wing, akadai seDISCREET™, anoratidza kuramba kwakaderera kutyoka kwemabhureki etie-wing. Kusiyana kukuru kwehuwandu hwesimba rekutyoka kuripo mumapoka akasiyana-siyana emabhureki. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti zvese brand uye chimiro chebhureki zvinopesvedzera simba rebhureki retie-wing.

Mamiriro epamusoro uye ukobvu hwezvinhu zvakare zvinhu zvakakosha. Zvinokanganisa simba rekusimba kweceramics. Kukuvara kwepamusoro, sekukwenya, kunokanganisa zvakanyanya mabhureki ekristaro imwe chete. Mabhureki epolycrystalline haanyanyi kukanganiswa nekukuvara kwakadaro. Scott GE, Jr. akataura zvakananga nezvepfungwa yekuomarara kwekutyoka mumabhureki eceramic munyaya yakakosha ine musoro unoti'Kusimba kwekuputika uye kutsemuka kwepamusoro-soro - chinhu chikuru chekunzwisisa mabhureki eceramic'(1988). Tsvagiridzo iyi inoratidza kukosha kwesainzi yezvinhu mukugadzira zvinhu zveceramic orthodontic zvinovimbika.

MaAlloys Akakosha Ekugara Kwakakodzera

Zvishongo zvemhando yepamusoro zvinopa kugara kwenguva refu kwakagadzirirwa zvinodiwa zve orthodontic. Izvi zvinhu zvepamusoro zvinopa hunhu hwakanaka kupfuura simbi isingasvibi.

• 17-7 PH simbi isina nguraine simba rekuomesa mvura. Ine simba rekudhonza re500–1000 MPa uye elastic modulus ye190–210 GPaKuoma kwayo kunobva pa150–250 HV, nekureba kwe10–20%. Chiumbwa ichi chinodhura zvishoma uye chinowanikwa zvakanyanya. Chinopa simba rakakwana uye kusimba kwevanorapa mazino. Zviri nyorewo kugadzira, zvichigona kusungirirwa uye kugadzirwa.
• Waya dzeSimbi Isina KusimbaKazhinji dzine simba rekudhonza re1000–1800 MPa uye modulus inochinjika ye180–200 GPa. Dzakasimba, dzisingadhuri, uye dziri nyore kukotama. Dzinopa simba rakawanda rekuvhara nzvimbo.
• Waya dzeNickel-Titanium (NiTi)Inoratidza simba rekudhonza re900–1200 MPa uye elastic modulus ye30–70 GPa. Mabhenefiti adzo makuru anosanganisira superelasticity, zvichiita kuti dzikwanise kudzoreredzwa kusvika ku8%. Dzinopawo simba rechiedza risingaperi, zvichiita kuti dzive dzakakodzera kurongeka kwekutanga uye kunyaradzwa kwemurwere.
• Beta-Titanium (Ti-Mo, TMA)Inopa simba rekudhonza re800–1000 MPa uye elastic modulus ye70–100 GPa. Haina nickel, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune varwere vane allergy. Inogonawo kugadzirwa uye yakakodzera kupedzisa matanho ekurapwa.
• Waya dzeCobalt-Chromium OrthodonticZvinogona kurapwa nekupisa kuti zvigadzirwe simba. Zvine simba rekudhonza re800–1400 MPa.

Kupfuura izvi, mamwe masimbi asina ngura epamusoro anopa kushanda kwakanaka:

• Simbi Yakagadzirwa Nemhando Ye455®isimbi ine simba remartensitic, inogomara kwenguva refu. Inopasimba guru (kusvika kuHRC 50), kugona kusimba zvakanaka, uye kusimba. Vagadziri vanoikoshesa pakushandisa zvidiki, zvakaoma kunzwisisa mazino. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuchinja kwayo kudiki panguva yekuoma, izvo zvinoita kuti irambe yakasimba.
• 465® Yakagadziriswa Isina Stainlessisimbi yepamusoro-soro ine martensitic, inogomara kwenguva refu. Mainjiniya vakaigadzira kuti ishande nesimba guru uye yakasimba, ine simba rekudhonza rinodarika 250 ksi. Yakanakira zvikamu zve orthodontic zvinosangana nekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya. Inopa kuvimbika kusingaenzaniswi, kusimba kwekutyoka kwakanyanya, uye kuramba kupwanyika kwengura kwakanyanya.

Simbi isingasvibi yemhando yekuvhiyiwa ndiyo musimboti wemidziyo yakawanda yakasimba ye orthodontic. Inopa simba rakanaka uye kuomarara. Mhando dzakakosha dzinosanganisira:

• Simbi Dzisina Kusimba dzeAustenitic: Izvi ndizvo zvinhu zvikuru zvinoshandiswa pakugadzira orthodontics. Mienzaniso inosanganisira:AISI 302, AISI 304, AISI 316, AISI 316L, uye AISI 304L. Misanganiswa iyi inoita kuti igare yakasimba kuburikidza nekushandiswa kakawanda uye kuvhiyiwa.
• Simbi Dzisina Kusimba dzeMartensitic: Dzinopa simba rakawanda uye kuomarara. Dzakakodzera zvishandiso zvinoda mipendero yakapinza uye kuvakwa kwakasimba.
• Simbi Dzisina Kuoma Dzinonaya Mvura (semuenzaniso, 17-4 PH): Izvi zvine hunhu hwakanaka hwemakanika. Kazhinji zvinofarirwa pakuisa mabhureki e orthodontic.

Titanium uye alloys yepamusoro zvinopawo hunhu hwakavandudzwa hwekushanda:

• MaAlloys eNiTi (Nickel-Titanium): Inoshandiswa pawaya dze orthodontic nekuda kwe superelasticity uye chimiro chekurangarira. Dzinodzokera kuchimiro chadzo chepakutanga uye dzinoshandisa simba rinowirirana.
• Titanium Molybdenum Alloy (TMA): Inopa kuenzana kwekuchinjika uye simba.
• Zvishongo zveTitanium: Dzinopa kugona kuenderana nemuviri uye kuramba ngura. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nefirimu risingachinji retitanium dioxide (TiO₂) passive. Firimu iri rinoderedza kuzvimba uye kuburitswa kwemaion esimbi. Dzine chiyero chepamusoro chesimba-ku-huremu. Dzakareruka kupfuura simbi isingatsvi asi dzinopa simba rakafanana kana rakakwirira. Beta titanium alloys mu archwires dzinopa modulus yakaderera, muganho wepamusoro we elastic, uye kugona kuumbwa zvakanaka kwemasimba anoenderera mberi. Mabhureki etitanium akakodzera varwere vane allergy ye nickel. Titanium hainawo magineti, iyo inobatsira pakushanda kweMRI.

Maitiro Ezvinhu Zvinokanganisa Kurarama Kwenguva Refu Kwemidziyo Yemazino

Hunhu hwezvinhu hunosarudza zvakananga kuti hurefu hwakadiiZvishandiso zveMazino zveOrthodontic zvichiri kushandaHunhu uhwu hunotonga kugona kwechishandiso ichi kutsungirira kushandiswa kwezuva nezuva, kubviswa utachiona, uye mamiriro emuromo akaomarara. Kunzwisisa hunhu uhwu kunobatsira varapi kusarudza maturusi anopa mashandiro akavimbika uye hupenyu hurefu.

Kuramba Kuora uye Hupenyu hweZvishandiso

Kuramba ngura kwakakoshaHunhu hwezvinhu zvinoshandiswa pakushandisa orthodontic. Inotsanangura kugona kwechigadzirwa kuramba kuora kwemakemikari kubva mukusangana kwacho. Zvishandiso zvinogara zvichisangana nemate, ropa, mishonga inouraya utachiona, uye mishonga inouraya utachiona. Zvinhu izvi zvinogona kukonzera ngura, izvo zvinoderedza simba rechishandiso uye zvinokanganisa mashandiro acho.

Passivation inowedzera zvakanyanya kuramba kwengurazvemidziyo yesimbi isingatsvi. Kurapa uku kwemakemikari pamusoro kunobvisa zvidimbu zvesimbi pamusoro. Kunogadzira firimu rakatetepa, rinodzivirira oxide. Kunyudzwa mune mhinduro dzeasidhi isina simba, senge citric kana nitric acid, kunoita izvi. Kunyudzwa inzira yekuchenesa, kwete kuputira. Mushure mekuchenesa, kuratidzwa mumhepo kunoumba layer yechisikigo ye oxide. Layer iyi inopa ngura yakasimba uye hunhu hunodzivirira kupera. Inoita kuti michina yekurapa, kusanganisira michina ye orthodontic, irambe yakasimba kungura. Izvi zvinowedzera hupenyu hwayo uye inochengetedza chitarisiko chayo. Kunyudzwa kunobvisa tsvina uye kunoita kuti layer ye oxide igare yakasimba. Inovandudza mashandiro emidziyo, inoderedza kupera, uye inoderedza kudiwa kwekutsiviwa. Maitiro aya anoita kuti michina igare yakacheneswa uye kushandiswa nguva dzose pasina kuora.

Kupolisha nemagetsi kunowedzerawo kuramba kwengurayemidziyo ye orthodontic. Nzira iyi inotsvedzesa pamusoro pasina zvishandiso zvemakanika. Inodzivirira pamusoro kubva pakuchinja kwechimiro. Izvi zvinotungamira pakusashanda zvakaenzana. Kusashanda zvakafanana kunodzivirira zvinhu kubva mukuora. Kunowedzera kubatana kwemuviri uye kunoderedza kusashanda zvakanaka kwepanzvimbo. Kusashanda zvakanaka uku kunogona kudzikamisa kushushikana uye kutanga kutsemuka. Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti electropolishing inovandudza hunhu hwekudzivirira ngura. Pamusoro pacho panowedzera kusimba kubva mukuora kana tichienzanisa nenzvimbo dzakaposhwa nemakanika. Kune maarchwaya eNiTi, electropolishing inoderedza huwandu hwenickel ukuwo ichiwedzera titanium. Izvi zvinoderedza njodzi yekusashanda zvakanaka kwenickel. Inowedzerawo kuramba kusimba uye inobatsira kuchenesa. Inobvisa nzvimbo dzinogona kuungana mabhakitiriya. Electropolishing inoderedza huwandu hwesimbi uye inowedzera chromium pamusoro. Izvi zvinobatsira pakuumba passive layer ine kuramba kusimba kwakanyanya.

Pasinei nekurapwa uku, ngura inogona kuramba ichiitika. Kuora kwepasi kwakaonekwa pamapoka eSS ane 3-braided, SS ane 6-braided, uye Dead Soft retainer mumhinduro panguva yekuongorora. Kusiyana neizvi, mapoka eTitanium Grade 1, Titanium Grade 5, uye Gold retainer haana kuratidza kukuvara kweganda. Mhando dzakasiyana dzengura, kusanganisira ngura yenzvimbo, dzakaonekwa pamidziyo yekucheka ma "orthodontic ligature". Izvi zvakaitika kunyanya neETM brand mushure mekuvhiyiwa otomatiki uye kuuraya hutachiona nemakemikari. Zvisinei, vatengesi veHu-Friedy vakaratidza kuramba kwakanyanya kwengura.

Kuoma uye Kuramba Kupfeka Kwekushanda

Kuomarara uye kuramba kupfeka zvakakosha pakuchengetedza mashandiro echishandiso, kunyanya pazvishandiso zvekucheka nekubata. Kuomarara kunoyera kuramba kwechishandiso kana kukwenya. Kuomarara kunotsanangura kugona kwacho kutsungirira kuora kwepamusoro nekuda kwekukweshana kana kukweshana.

Kuomarara kwakanyanya kunowanzoenderana nekusapera zvakanaka. Izvi zvakakosha kune zvishandiso zvinosangana nekukweshana nekumanikidzwa nguva dzose.Semuenzaniso, tungsten carbide ine kuomarara kwakanyanya uye kusakara kwakanyanyaIzvi zvinobatsira zvikuru pakugara kwenguva refu kwemidziyo. Polycrystalline diamond (PCD) inoita kuti simbi irambe yakasimba. Inocheka zvinhu zvakaoma zvakaita seceramics ne zirconia.

Ongororo yakawana kuti madhaimani emhando ye diamond burs aishanda zvakanyanya pakupatsanura makorona e lithium disilicate zvichienzaniswa nemakorona e zirconia. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuomarara kwechinhu chacho. Zvinhu zvakaoma zvakaita se zirconia zvinowedzera kukweshana. Izvi zvinokurumidzisa kupera kwemadhaimani uye zvinoderedza hupenyu hwematurusi. Ongororo iyi yakaratidza kuti kushandisa 5YSZ zirconia, iyo ine kuomarara kwakaderera pane 3Y-TZP, kwakaita kuti pave nekusiyana kushoma pakusimba kwemashizha uye kupera kwawo.

Tsvagiridzo yezvinhu zvepolymeric zvemidziyo ye orthodontic yaisanganisira bvunzo dzekukwenya uchishandisa Rockwell indenter. Kuyerwa kweuku kuomarara kwemavara uku, kwakawanikwa ne contact profilometer, kwakaratidza hukama ne Shore hardness. Zvisinei, tsvagiridzo yakaratidza kuti kurongeka kwekusaramira kwekutsvedza kunofanira kuongororwa kwakazvimirira. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kunyangwe Rockwell indenters dzichishandiswa mukuyedza kuomarara, hukama hwakananga pakati pe Rockwell hardness scale uye kusaramira kwekukwenya hahuna kunyatsotsanangurwa sehukama hwakananga mune zvakawanikwa izvi. Nzira dzakasiyana dzekuyera kuomarara, dzakadai se indentation hardness (senge Shore) uye scratch hardness, dzinogona kupa mhedzisiro isingaenzaniswi nekuda kwemisimboti yadzo yakasiyana yekuyera.

Simba Rokusimba uye Kuramba Kuneta

Simba rekusimba uye kuramba kuneta zvakakosha pakuvaka uye kugara kwenguva refu kwechishandiso. Simba rekusimba rinoyera kushushikana kukuru kunogona kutsungirira chinhu chisati chatyoka kana chatambanudzwa kana kudhonzwa. Kusasimba kwekuneta kunotsanangura kugona kwechishandiso kutsungirira kushushikana kunowanzoitika pasina kutyoka. Zvishandiso zvinokotama, kumonyoroka, uye kucheka simba panguva yekushandiswa.

Kutakura zvinhu nenzira ye cyclic kunokanganisa zvakanyanya kuramba kuneta kwezvinhu. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kune zvishandiso zvakaita se endodontic files. Canal geometry ine basa guru. Kuwedzera kwekona uye kuderera kwe radius yekukombama kunoderedza zvakanyanya kuramba kuneta kwe cyclic. Mafaira anoratidza kuramba kuputsika kwakaderera muma canal ane acute angles uye radius yakaderera yekukombama. Izvi zvinotungamira mukumanikidzwa kukuru uye simba rekudhonza. Zvinhu zvekugadzira zvishandiso, dhayamita, taper, kumhanya kwekushanda, uye torque zvese zvinogona kukonzera kutadza kuneta.

Maitiro ekugadzira anokanganisawo hupenyu hwekuneta. Kuoma kwebasa panguva yekugadzira kunogona kukonzera nzvimbo dzisina kusimba. Izvi zvinoderedza hupenyu hwekuneta. Kusiyana neizvi, electropolishing inogona kuwedzera kuramba kuneta. Inobvisa kusarongeka kwepamusoro uye kushushikana kwakasara. Kutakura zvinhu kunotungamira kutanga kwekutsemuka uye kukura kwekutsemuka kuburikidza nemabhande anotsvedza. Kunzwisisa zvinhu izvi kunobatsira mainjiniya kugadzira zvishandiso zvinodzivisa kuneta uye zvinogara kwenguva refu.

Kuenderana kweBiocompatibility uye Kuguma kweSurface Finish

Kuenderana kwemuviri uye kupenya kwemusoro zvinopesvedzera zvakanyanya kuti Dental Orthodontic Instruments inogara kwenguva yakareba sei yakachengeteka uye inoshanda. Kuenderana kwemuviri kunoreva kugona kwechinhu kuita basa racho pasina kukonzera kusawirirana mumuviri. Izvi zvakakosha nekuti michina inobata zvakananga masutu emuromo nemate. ANSI/ADA Standard Nhamba 41, ine musoro unoti "Kuongorora Kuenderana kweMidziyo Yekurapa Inoshandiswa muDentistry," inopa hurongwa hwakakosha hwekuongorora zvinhu izvi. FDA inorayira kuenderana kwemuviri kwezvishandiso zvekurapa zvinobata ganda kana masutu emuromo. Izvi zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvakaita sematrayi ekubatanidza zvakananga asina kunyorwa uye mabhesi emazino anoshandiswa mukurapa mazino.

Kuti zvinhu zvienderane nezvinodiwa nemunhu, zvinoedzwa zvakasimba zvichibva paISO 10993-1:2009. Miedzo iyi inoongorora kuvapo kwemasero eropa, kuvapo kwemasero eropa, uye kunonoka kweganda. Zvinhu izvi zvinoedzwawo neUSP plastic class VI bvunzo dzekuongorora kushatirwa, kuvapo kwemasero eropa, uye kuiswa kwemasero eropa. Dzimwe nguva, kuyedzwa kweISO kwakawedzerwa, kwakadai seISO 20795-1:2013 yema denture base polymers, kunodiwa. Kuongororwa uku kunoita kuti zvinhu izvi zvisakuvadze varwere kana kukonzera allergic reactions.

Kupenya kwechinhu pamusoro pechishandiso kunoitawo basa guru mukugara kwenguva refu kwacho uye kuchengetedzeka kwemurwere.Nzvimbo yakaoma inowedzera kubatana kwebhakitiriya. Inowedzera simba risingapindi pamusoro uye inopa nzvimbo dzakawanda dzekuti mabhakitiriya anamatire. Izvi zvinodzivirira matumba emabhakitiriya kuti asaburike nyore nyore. Nzvimbo dzisina kuenzana pamidziyo ye orthodontic dzinogadzira dzimwe nzvimbo uko mabhakitiriya anogona kuvanda. Izvi zvinogona kuwedzera huwandu hwemabhakitiriya uye kufarira mhando dzine njodzi dzakadai seS. mutansKuboorwa kwechinhu chakakomberedzwa kunoitawo kuti tupukanana twubatanidze uye tugadzire biofilms.

Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kutiSimba rekunamatira kwe streptococcal kumaresini e orthodontic composite rinowedzerasezvo nzvimbo dzakasanganiswa dzichiwedzera kuomarara. Simba iri rekuomarara pamusoro penzvimbo dzinobatana rinowedzera kusimba nekufamba kwenguva. Kuomarara kwepamusoro kunokanganisa simba rekunamatira neS. sanguiniskupfuura neS. mutans. Zvidzidzo zvakawanda zvinosimbisa hukama hwakanaka pakati pekunamatira kwebhakitiriya uye kuomarara kwechikamu che submicron kana micron. Simba rekunamatira pakati pebhakitiriya nenzvimbo dzine kuomarara kwechikamu che submicron rinowedzera sezvo kuomarara kuchikura, kusvika pane imwe nguva. Mabhakitiriya anotoratidza kushanduka kwakanyanya kana akabatana nenzvimbo dzakaomarara. Nzvimbo yakatsetseka, yakakwenenzverwa pamidziyo inobatsira kudzivirira kuungana kwebhakitiriya. Izvi zvinoderedza njodzi yehutachiona uye zvinoita kuti michina ive nyore kuchenesa uye kuuraya utachiona, zvichiwedzera hupenyu hwayo hwekushanda.

Maitiro Ekugadzira uye Kugara Kwemidziyo Yemazino Yekushongedza Mazino

Maitiro ekugadziraZvinonyanya kukanganisa kugara kwenguva refu kwemidziyo. Magadzirirwo uye mashandisirwo ayo mudziyo anokanganisa zvakananga simba rawo uye kugara kwenguva refu. Matekiniki akasiyana anopa mabhenefiti akasiyana ekugadzira michina yakasimba uye yakavimbika.

Maitiro Ekugadzira Kana Kudhinda

Kugadzira nekutsikirira inzira mbiri huru dzekugadzira midziyo yesimbi. Kugadzira kunosanganisira kugadzira simbi kuburikidza nemasimba ekumanikidza ari munzvimbo imwe chete. Maitiro aya anovandudza chimiro chesimbi. Inogadzira chishandiso chakasimba uye chinogara kwenguva refu. Midziyo yakagadzirwa inowanzoratidza kutsungirira kuneta kwakanyanya uye simba rekukanganisa. Kutsikirira, zvakasiyana, kunoshandisa muchina wekudzvanya kucheka nekuumba simbi. Nzira iyi inowanzo shanda pakugadzira zvinhu zvakawanda. Zvisinei, midziyo yakatsikirira inogona kunge isina chimiro chesimbi chakanatswa zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinogona kuita kuti ive nyore kutyoka kana kukotama kana ichishandiswa zvakanyanya. Vagadziri vanowanzo sarudza kugadzira midziyo inoda simba rakawanda uye kunyatsorongeka.

Kurapa Kupisa Kwezvinhu Zvakanakisisa

Kurapa kupisa idanho rakakosha mukuvandudza hunhu hwezvinhu. Izvi zvinosanganisira kupisa nekutonhodza simbi mumamiriro ezvinhu akarongwa. Maitiro aya anochinja chimiro chechinhu chacho. Kune waya dze nickel-titanium (NiTi), vagadziri vanoshandisa kupisa kusvika kumagumo ari kure. Dzinofanira kudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya.Kupisa kwakapoteredza 650 °Czvinogona kukonzera kurasikirwa kwehunhu hwemakanika echinhu chacho.

Kune simbi isingasvibi, kurapwa kwakanangana nekupisa kwakajairika. Vagadziri vanogona kupisa simbi isingasvibi kutiMaminetsi makumi maviri pa500 °FMamwe maitiro anosanganisira kupisa kwemaminitsi gumi pa750 °F uye 820 °F. Nguva pfupi yekuisa annealing patembiricha yakaderera inobatsirawo simbi isingatsvedzi. Kurapa kupisa kunokanganisa zvakanyanya kuomarara. Kune 316L simbi isingatsvedzi mini-implants, kurapwa kupisa kunoderedza kuomarara kubva0.87 GPa kusvika 0.63 GPaIzvi zvinoratidza kudzikira kwekudzivirira kuchinjika kwepurasitiki. Kupisa pamusoro pe650°C pa 18-8 stainless steel alloys kunogona kukonzera kudzokororwa kwecrystallization uye kugadzirwa kwe chromium carbide. Kuchinja uku kunoderedza hunhu hwemakanika uye kuramba ngura. Kushanda kwekuderedza kushushikana pakupisa kwakaderera,pakati pe400°C ne500°CKwemasekonzi mashanu kusvika zana nemakumi maviri, simbisa kufanana kwechinhu uye kuderedza kuputsika.

Kuputira Pamusoro uye Kurapa Kwekuwedzera Kugara Kwenguva Refu

Kuputira pamusoro uye kurapwa kunoita kuti mudziyo ugare kwenguva refu. Izvi zvinovandudza hunhu hwechinhu chacho husingakanganisi hunhu hwechigadzirwa chacho. Zvinowedzera kuramba ngura, kuburitswa kwemaion, kana kubvaruka.

Kubviswa kwehutsi hwemuviri (PVD) chinhu chinowanzoitikamaitiro ekuisa atomiki. Inoisa machira ane ukobvu kubva kuma nanometers kusvika kuzviuru zvema nanometers. PVD inosanganisira zvikamu zvakaita se evaporation, arc vapor deposition, sputter deposition, uye ion planting. Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) coating ndeimwe shanduko yepamusoro. Inopa kukweshana kushoma, kuomarara kwakanyanya, high wear resistance, uye biocompatibility yakanaka. PVD coatings inoshandiswa zvakanyanya kumafirimu matete anodzivirira kupera pamidziyo yekurapa. PVD coatings dzinogamuchirwa dzemidziyo yekurapa dzinosanganisiraTiN, ZrN, CrN, TiAlN, AlTiN, Blackbond, uye Tetrabond. Kupfeka zinc kunoshandiswa uchishandisa tekinoroji yePVDinowedzera kuramba kukora kwewaya dzesimbi dzisina ngura dzinonzi orthodontic. Izvi zvinoita kuti huwandu hwemagetsi esimbi dzisina ngura huve hwakaderera uye kuramba kukora kwemate ekugadzira kuwedzere.

Kusarudza Zvinhu Zvekushandisa Pakushandisa Mazino Pakuvhiya Mazino

Kusarudzwa Kwezvinhu Zvekushandisa Pliers Nekucheka

Pliers ne cutters zvinoda zvinhu zvinotsungirira simba guru uye kushandiswa kakawanda.Simbi isina ngura yepamusoro-soroisarudzo yakajairika. Inoita kuti ngura isapararire, igare kwenguva refu, uye itevedzere mitemo yekuuraya utachiona. Chinhu ichi chinopa simba uye kusimba kunodiwa pakushandisa maturusi aya. Pliers dzepamusoro dzinowanzo shandiswazvikamu zve tungsten kana titaniumIzvi zvinowedzera simba uye hupenyu hurefu, kunyanya pakucheka mabasa.Zvinhu zvemhando yepamusoroZvakakosha kuti midziyo iyi igare kwenguva refu. Inobvumira midziyo iyi kugara ichishandiswa nguva nenguva pasina kuora.

Zvinhu zvekushandisa pakuisa mabhandeji neBracket

Zvishandiso zvekuisa mabhandeji nekuisa mabraketi zvinoda kunyatsorongeka uye kusimba. Zvishandiso izvi zvinofanirwa kuchengetedza uye kuisa zvikamu zve orthodontic zvakachengeteka. Vagadziri vanowanzo shandisa simbi isingatsvedzeri yepamusoro yemidziyo iyi. Chishandiso ichi chinopa kusimba uye ngura inodiwa. Chinodzivirirawo ngura kubva mukudzokororwa kwekubvisa utachiona. Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu kunoita kuti zvishandiso zvirambe zvakaita uye zvichishanda nekufamba kwenguva. Izvi zvinobvumira kuiswa kwemabhandeji nemabraketi nemazvo.

Zvinhu Zvinofanira Kufungwa Nezvekushandisa Pakuongorora Nekubatsira

Zvishandiso zvekuongorora, zvakaita sevanoongorora, zvinoda hunhu hwakakosha hwezvinhu kuti muromo urambe wakasimba.Simbi isina ngura yakatetepa uye inochinjikandiyo inonyanya kushandiswa nevaongorori vemazino. Iyi simbi inobatsira pakuita kuti muromo wayo upise. Kugadzirwa kwesimbi imwe chete kunoita kuti muromo ushande zvakanaka. Inoita kuti kudedera kupfuure zvakanaka kubva kumucheto wekushanda kuenda kuminwe yemushandi. Izvi zvakasiyana nemidziyo ine miromo yakaiswa.Kugadzirisa kwakakodzeraZvakakosha kuti pave nekuverenga kwakarurama. Varapi vanofanira kugara vachiongorora shank kuti vaone kana yakakombama kana kukuvara. Vanofanirawo kuongorora kupinza vachishandisa plastic testing stick. Muongorori asina kusimba achatsvedza, nepo akapinza achibata. Kutsiva vaongorori vasina kusimba kana kukuvara kunodzivirira kusaziva chokwadi panguva yekuongorora pamusoro pemidzi. Kusimba kwemuromo, kana kuti 'kunamatira,' kunoratidza kupinza uye kuona caries zvinobudirira pasina simba rakawandisa. Mazano anochinjika anokodzera kuongororwa kwechiedza-pressure enamel kudzivirira kukuvara. Magadzirirwo akaomarara anobvumira kurohwa kwakasimba panguva yekuongorora subgingival calculus.Simbi inochinjikainoshandiswa kune vanoongorora zvakananga kuti vagadzirise mhinduro dzinobatwa. Dhizaini iri nyore inoita kuti zvive nyore kuwana zvakananga uye kubvisa utachiona zvinobudirira. Izvi zvinoderedza njodzi yekukundikana kwechimiro zvichienzaniswa nezvishandiso zvine makobvu akaomarara.

Kuumbwa kwezvinhu zveDental Orthodontic Instruments kunonyanya kusarudza kugara kwenguva refu kwazvo. Kubatanidzwa kwezvinhu zvakaita setungsten carbide, titanium, uye specialty alloys kunosimudzira zvikuru kugara kwenguva refu kwemidziyo uye kushanda kwayo. Varapi vanoita sarudzo dzakadzidziswa nekunzwisisa kusiyana kwezvinhu izvi. Izvi zvinovandudza hupenyu hwemidziyo uye kushanda kwayo mukurapa.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

Chii chinoita kuti mudziyo we orthodontic ugare kwenguva refu?

Chishandiso chinogara kwenguva refu che orthodontic chinodzivirira kupera, ngura, uye kuneta. Chinoramba chiri chimiro chacho chepakutanga uye chichishanda nekufamba kwenguva. Zvinhu zvemhando yepamusoro, kugadzirwa kwakanyatsogadzirwa, uye kutarisirwa kwakakodzera zvese zvinobatsira kuti chigare kwenguva refu.

Zvinhu zvakaita se tungsten carbide zvinovandudza sei hupenyu hwemidziyo?

Tungsten carbide yakaoma zvikuru. Vagadziri vanoishandisa pakucheka nekubata nzvimbo. Chinhu ichi chinowedzera zvakanyanya kusakara uye chinochengetedza mipendero yakapinza. Chinobvumira zvishandiso kutsungirira kushandiswa kakawanda uye mabasa ekucheka.

Sei titanium iri chinhu chakanaka chekushandisa zvimwe zvishandiso zve orthodontic?

Titanium inopa simba rekudzivirira ngura uye inokwanisa kushanda zvakanaka mumuviri. Inoumba jira rinodzivirira mvura yemuviri. Kuchinjika kwayo uye chiyero chayo chesimba-kuhuremu zvinoita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswawaya dzemaarchuye mabhureki, kunyanya kune varwere vane allergies.

Maitiro ekugadzira anokanganisa sei kugara kwenguva refu kwemidziyo?

Maitiro ekugadzira akadai sekugadzira nekupisa zvinosimbisa michina. Kugadzira kunonatsa chimiro chesimbi, zvichiita kuti isimbe. Kugadzirisa kupisa kunochinja chimiro chesimbi, zvichivandudza kuoma kwayo uye kuramba kwayo kusimba.

Kuramba ngura kunoita basa rei pakurarama kwenguva refu kwemidziyo?

Kuramba ngura kunodzivirira michina kuti isaora nekuda kwemakemikari kana hunyoro. Kurapa nekushandisa electropolishing kunoita kuti michina irambe ichidzivirira. Midziyo iyi inobatsira kutsungirira sterilization uye nharaunda inobuda mukanwa, zvichiita kuti irambe ichishanda kwenguva refu.